Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Elasticity is the property of the solid by virtue of which it tends to regain its shape after the removal of external load. Often in a single fault all three forms of deformation take place in that order as depth increases. In elastic deformation the bonds between molecules or atoms stay intact, but only change their lengths. Other engineering assignment help, elastic and plastic deformation, q. In brittle rocks, the failure point is very close the yield strength, and so can only accommodate very little strain before failure. Jul 20, 2011 in elastic deformation the bonds between molecules or atoms stay intact, but only change their lengths. Difference between elastic deformation and plastic deformation. Elastic deformation is a physics term referring to the process an object undergoes where it retains it shape after deformation once pressure is removed.
Pdf the elasticplastic transition of metals researchgate. The inplane uniaxial tensile stressstrain curves for the md and cd direction are plotted together in figure 5. While the first increment of deformation shows a stressstrain slope. Pdf anisotropic elasticplastic deformation of paper. The difference between elastic and plastic deformation youtube. Deformation types of solid materials me mechanical. T plastic deformation of semicrystalline polymers plastic deformation is defined by the interaction between crystalline and amorphous regions and is partially reversible. In practical cases, there is little difference between eqs. No part of this website may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval, or transmitted in any form or by any mean. Elastic deformation is a straightforward process, in which the deformation increases with an increase in force, until the elastic limit of the object is reached. In uence of plastic deformation on bimaterial fault. For every mode, the stress due to the deformation can be calculated, saved and used for the computation of the stress in a. For the elastic deformation, different kinds of modes are used.
Nov 22, 2016 for visco elastic materials, both recoverable and permanent deformations occur together which are dependent on time. Define elastic and plastic deformation and differentiate between them. Comparison of elastic and elasticplastic structural analyses. Above the yield point, some degree of permanent distortion remains after unloading and is termed plastic deformation. T introduction to plastic deformation of crystals as we know from fundamentals of plastic deformation of crystalline solids e. The transition from elastic state to plastic state is characterized by the yield strength of the material. Duan 2008 show that for a high prestress angle, the accumulation of plastic deformation is asymmetric about the fault in the presence of a material contrast. Elastic deformation is recoverable like stretching a rubberband. In ductile deformation any strain is irreversible and the rock deforms readily think taffy puller. Introduction plastic deformation occurs when a material is stressed above its elastic limit, i. Most materials are elastic for a certain range of forces, up to the elastic limit, beyond which they are plastic.
Sometimes also referred to as reversible deformation, linear elastic deformation linear relationship between stress and strain is governed by hookes law of elasticity, which states that a. An analysis of metal forming processes using large deformation elastic plastic formulations jungho cheng and noboru kikuchi department of mechanical engineering and applied mechanics, the university of michigan, ann arbor, mi 48109. Elastic deformation an overview sciencedirect topics. The materials molecular bonds are strained to the point of fracture, making it not possible to return to the same state. A temporary shape change that is selfreversing after the force is removed, so that the object returns to its original shape, is called elastic deformation. The material has now moved into the region referred to as plastic deformation. Generally in engineering by material we mean sum metallic alloy. Other articles where elastic deformation is discussed. The main difference between a plastic body and an elastic body is based on individual their ability to regain their shape and size after an external force is applied to the bodies. Difference between elasticity and plasticity definition. In practice, it is difficult to identify the exact point at which a material moves from the elastic region to the plastic region. Similarities and differences between elasticity and plasticity are given here in table form.
The problem of plastic deformation of thin plates struck by blunt projectiles but not perforated is considered. The main difference between elastic deformation and plastic deformation is that, elastic deformation is always reversible, and plastic deformation is irreversible except for some very rare cases. Plastic deformation occurs when the bonds between atoms are broken, and new ones are formed, making reversal to the original shape impossible. What is the difference between elastic deformation and. The fundamental difference between plastic and elastic. Basic principles of elasticity and plasticity design and. Jan, 2016 for the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. It is deduced that the general strainenergy function, w, has the form wg4. Elasticity is the ability of an object or material to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed. Deformation and failure in semicrystalline polymer systems. The extent of stretching or compressing as a response to the stress is called strain.
The variation of stress due to loading within the elastic region are linear and all the fibers in the material are not fully stressed. Whats the difference between ductility and elasticity. What is the difference between elastic deformation. In plastic deformation, breaking of bonds is caused by the dislocation of atoms. Sometimes also referred to as reversible deformation, linear elastic deformation linear relationship between stress and strain is governed by hookes law of elasticity, which states that a springs extension. Difference between elastic and plastic deformation definition. The relationship between stress and strain is generally linear and reversible up until the yield point and the deformation is elastic. The linear relationship for a material is known as youngs modulus. When nonlinear elastic deformation or largescale plastic deformation has been developed in the vicinity of crack tip, the above lefm approach no longer applies. Ideally elasticplastic material basic principles of elasticity and plasticity. Elasticity is the property of regaining the original shape after applying force onto the material. But an object in the plastic deformation range will first have undergone elastic deformation, which is reversible, so the object will return part way to its original shape. Soft thermoplastics have a rather large plastic deformation range as do ductile metals such as copper, silver, and gold. Elastic limit is the maximum extent to which a solid may be stretched.
Jan 10, 20 in elastic deformation, an object can bend or flex temporarily and will spring back to its original shape, but at some point it will also fail. The difference between elastic and plastic deformation. Elastic deformation occurs when weaker forces, lesser than the objects elastic limit, are exerted. Both ductility and elasticity are properties of materials.
When a material is subjected to applied forces, the material experiences elastic deformation followed by plastic deformation. When a force is applied to an object, the object will either compress or stretch as a response to the force. Hooke attempted to write a simple rule that describes the behaviour of all. Figure 3 shows a rectangular area of uniform pressure with the coordinate system to be used.
Deformation and failure in semicrystalline polymer systems roel janssen master thesis, eindhoven university of technology, mt 02. At a certain amount of stress, deformation becomes of an irreversible nature, which is recognisable by a yield point in the true stressstrain. Viscoelastic models are used in largescale modeling of the crust where the elastic deformation describes the shortterm response to stress and the viscous part describes the long term response. Elastic deformation is that part of the deformed material, when the applied load is removed, would spring back to its normal space.
Briefly explain the difference between elastic deformation. The major objective of this study is to understand the interconnection between springback, level of plastic deformation, degradation of elastic modulus and strain recovery in a cpti material. Difference between plastic and elastic deformation answers. Difference between plastic and elastic plastic vs elastic. Thus, it is easier to understand these properties in terms of physics. For ductile substances, elastic limit is the initial point of plastic deformation. Difference between elastic and plastic deformation answers. Elastic deformation is temporary and occurs prior to plastic deformation, which is permanent. The complete elastic deformation at one time point during a transient analysis is a superposition of all excited modes. Examplebased plastic deformation of rigid bodies ben jones university of denver nils thuerey technical university of munich tamar shinar university of california, riverside adam w. Dec 28, 2010 elastic deformation is a physics term referring to the process an object undergoes where it retains it shape after deformation once pressure is removed.
Elastic deformation the recovery of the original dimensions of a deformed body when the load is removed is known as elastic deformation. Comparison of elastic and elasticplastic structural. In contrast, plastic deformation occurs when these stresses are sufficient to permanently deform the metal. The maximum radial strain is about three times the yield strain, the maximum tangential strain is very small. Plastic deformation phenomena, such as plate sliding occurs due to the total fission of the bonds.
Elastic and plastic deformation an overview sciencedirect topics. Elastic deformation is timeindependent and nonpermanent, anelastic deformation is timedependent and nonpermanent, while plastic deformation is permanent. The elastic deformation of material allows them to recover from. Depending on the small difference in contact situation, a crack is introduced from the trailing edge of the contact interface. Energy dynamics in plastic deformation, most of the energy given to a solid, in the form of the force applied on it, is given off as heat, while only a small part is used in changing. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration.
Similarities and differences between elastic and plastic deformations are presented here in table form. The relative amounts of elastic and plastic deformation under normal load are related to the plasticity index. In elastic deformation, an object can bend or flex temporarily and will spring back to its original shape, but at some point it will also fail. Bargteil university of maryland, baltimore county figure 1. Difference between elastic and plastic deformation. What is the difference between elastic and plastic. In uence of plastic deformation on bimaterial fault rupture. Jun, 2007 elastic deformation returns to its orginal shape after a strain is applied. Plasticine and playdough are plastic for all forces. Several stunt drivers crash in midair and their cars pile up on the ground. Instead, as one form of the elastic plastic fracture mechanics epfm, a j integral concept was developed to calculate the energy parameter for elastic plastic materials 3. For this reason, an object undergoes elastic deformation before plastic deformation. Elastic deformation can be caused by applying shear forces or tension compression stress. In mechanics, the force applied to a unit area is called stress.
The tensile behavior of a ni60nb40 metallic glass mg has been studied by using ab initio density functional theory dft calculation with a large cell containing 1024 atoms 614 ni. With increasing stress, the proportionality between the stress and strain gradually vanishes, and a range of plasticity occurs. In elastic deformation, strain is recovered when stress is removed, but in brittle deformation, the object fractures. Both, elastic and plastic materials are widely applicable and used in the field of science and technology. For viscoelastic materials, both recoverable and permanent deformations occur together which are dependent on time.
Pdf effect of plastic deformation on elastic and plastic. Elastic deformation holds a linear relationship with stress, while plastic deformation holds a curved relationship having a peak. Whats the difference between elastic and plastic deformation. All three of these factors favour elastic rather than plastic behaviour. Cite the primary differences between elastic, anelastic, and plastic deformation behaviors. Above the yield point, some degree of permanent distortion remains after. The difference between elastic deformation and plastic deformation of rocks is that plastic deformation the temperature of the rock, the confining pressure on the rock, and how quickly or slowly the stress is applied over time. Soft thermoplastics have a rather large plastic deformation range as. Chapter ii the plastic deformation of metal crystals s t r e s s strain yield point elastic limit when a material is stressed below its elastic limit. Plasticity is the quality of being easily shaped or moulded. In the case of amorphous polymers, the correlation between the polymer microstructure. Plate impact and plastic deformation by projectiles. When a material is stressed beyond its elastic limit. Plastic deformation is permanent like breaking a plate.
Rigid materials such as metals, concrete, or rocks sustain large forces while undergoing little deformation, but if sufficiently large forces are applied, the materials can no longer sustain them. Elastic deformation is temporary and occurs prior to. Deformation is the action or process of deforming or distorting. Plastic deformation returns to a deformed shape after a strain is applied. Instead, as one form of the elasticplastic fracture mechanics epfm, a j integral concept was developed to calculate the energy parameter for elasticplastic materials 3. Atomic picture of elastic deformation in a metallic glass. The difference between elastic deformation and plastic deformation of rocks is that plastic deformation the temperature of the rock, the confining pressure on the rock, and how quickly or. Poor agreement was shown between stress distributions computed from the threedimensional. When a sufficient load is applied to a metal or other structural material, it will cause the material to change shape. Elastic deformation is the deformation that can be recovered fully to its original position or state once the applied load is removed. Elastic deformation returns to its original shape after a strain is applied. Elasticplastic can be applied to the largescale deformation of the crust and mantle. Elastically deformed material can regain its original shape, but plastically deformed structures cannot. For every mode, the stress due to the deformation can be calculated, saved and used for the computation of the stress in a transient embs analysis.
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